حسنا: رقم منوژرم چغندرقند با مقاومت دوگانه در برابر بیماری ریزومانیا و نماتد سیستی

نوع مقاله : آزاد سازی رقم

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

3 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران

4 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران

5 مربی، بخش تحقیقات چغندرقند، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران.

6 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، همدان، ایران

7 کارشناس، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

10.22092/rafhc.2024.364574.1338

چکیده

بیماری‌های ریزومانیا و نماتد سیستی از چالش‎های مهم زراعت چغندرقند در ایران و جهان محسوب می‏ شوند. کارآمدترین و ساده‌ترین روش برای کاهش خسارات ناشی از این بیماری‌ها، استفاده از ارقام مقاوم است. در این راستا، رقم حسنا پس از بررسی‌های متعدد مقدماتی و پیشرفته، در نتیجه تلاقی میان یک لاین اینبرد گرده‌افشان حاصل از جمعیت SB27 که حامل ژن‌های مقاومت به ریزومانیا و نماتد سیستی بود، با یک پایه مادری سینگل‎کراس منوژرم به دست آمد. برای ارزیابی عملکرد این رقم، آزمون تعیین ارزش زراعی و مصرف در همدان، مشهد، شیراز و میاندوآب تحت شرایط آلوده به ریزومانیا و در کرج تحت شرایط عاری از آلودگی، انجام شد. به‎طور هم‌زمان، مقاومت هیبریدها نسبت به نماتد سیستی در قالب آزمایش دیگری تحت شرایط کنترل‌شده (گلخانه) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج حاکی از برتری رقم حسنا با متوسط عملکرد شکر سفید 11/52 تن در هکتار نسبت به رقم شاهد خارجی آذر (11/36 تن در هکتار) و ارقام شاهد داخلی شکوفا و آرتا (به‏ ترتیب 10/19 و 10/12 تن در هکتار) با اختلاف آماری معنی‌دار در سطح احتمال پنج درصد بود، اما با رقم شاهد خارجی روزیر (12/02 تن در هکتار) اختلاف آماری معنی‌داری نداشت. حسنا، یک رقم دیپلوئید منوژرم، مقاوم به بیماری‌های ریزومانیا و نماتد سیستی و مناسب کشت بهاره در مناطق مختلف کشور است. علاوه‎ بر مقاومت به بیماری، از دیگر ویژگی‎های بارز این رقم می‎توان به پتانسیل عملکرد شکر بالای آن اشاره کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Hosna: Monogerm Sugar Beet Cultivar with Dual Resistance to Rhizomania and Cyst Nematode

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Hassani 1
  • P. Norouzi 2
  • J. Soltani 3
  • A. Jalilian 4
  • M. Kakoueinezhad 1
  • J. Rezaei 3
  • S. Darabi 5
  • D. Taleghani 2
  • S. B. Mahmoudi 2
  • H. Hamzeh 6
  • A. Saremirad 7
1 Assistant Professor, Sugar Beet Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Sugar Beet Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Sugar Beet Research Department, North Khorasan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Sugar Beet Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kermanshah, Iran.
5 Researcher, Sugar Beet Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (ARREO). Shiraz, Iran.
6 Assistant Professor, Sugar Beet Research Department, Hamedan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Hamedan, Iran.
7 Researcher, Sugar Beet Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Sugar beet cultivation faces significant challenges from diseases such as rhizomania and cyst nematode, both in Iran and globally. The most effective and straightforward approach to mitigate the damage caused by these diseases is the use of resistant varieties. The Hosna cultivar was developed after extensive preliminary and advanced research. This variety was produced by crossing a pollinator inbred line from the SB27 population, which carried resistance genes for both rhizomania and cyst nematode, with a monogerm single cross maternal line. A value-for-cultivation and use (VCU) test was conducted in Hamadan, Mashhad, Shiraz, and Miandoab under rhizomania-infected conditions and in Karaj under non-infected conditions to evaluate this variety's performance. Simultaneously, the resistance of the hybrids to cyst nematode was evaluated in another experiment under controlled conditions (greenhouse). The results showed the superior performance of Hosna cultivar, which produced an average white sugar yield of 11.52 tha-1, outperforming the foreign control variety Azare (11.36 tha-1) and the domestic control varieties Shokoufa and Arta (10.19 and 10.12 tha-1, respectively). However, no significant difference was found between Hosna and the foreign control Rosier (12.02 tha-1). Hosna is a diploid monogerm cultivar, resistant to both rhizomania and cyst nematode, and suitable for spring cultivation across various regions of the country. In addition to its disease resistance, this cultivar has a high potential for sugar yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Germplasm screening
  • Sugar yield
  • Testcross
  • Viral disease

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یافته‌های تحقیقاتی در گیاهان زراعی و باغی
دوره 13، شماره 1
خرداد 1403
صفحه 133-158

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 0-727 فروردین 2
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 مرداد 1403

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