گیلوانه، رقم روغنی جدید زیتون برای کاشت در منطقه طارم

نوع مقاله : آزاد سازی رقم

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران.

2 استادیار، پژوهشکده مرکبات و میوه‌های نیمه گرمسیری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رامسر، ایران.

3 استاد، پژوهشگاه ملی مهندسی ژنتیک و زیست فناوری، تهران، ایران.

4 کارشناس، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زنجان، ایران.

5 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان قزوین، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، قزوین، ایران.

6 دانشیار، پژوهشکده میوه های معتدله و سردسیری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

7 کارشناس، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زنجان، ایران

10.22092/rafhc.2024.362309.1329

چکیده

معرفی ارقام زیتون روغنی که دارای کیفیت روغن بالایی باشند، یکی از اهداف اصلاحی زیتون است. همگام با واردات ارقام جدید زیتون از کشورهای حوزه مدیترانه، برنامه شناسایی، جمع­ آوری و ارزیابی ژنوتیپ­ های بومی نیز در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان اجرا گردید. در سال 1376 قلمه­ های 25 ژنوتیب زیتون از باغ هاشم­ آباد گرگان تهیه و پس از تکثیر، نهال های این ژنوتیپ­ ها در سال 1377 در کلکسیون ایستگاه تحقیقات زیتون طارم کشت شدند. از سال 1385 با اجرای پنج فقره پروژه تحقیقاتی به مدت 15 سال، رقم گیلوانه به روش به­ گزینی ژنوتیپ ­ها معرفی گردید. گیلوانه برگ­ های بیضوی داشته، متوسط تعداد گل در گل‌آذین 22/9 عدد، متوسط طول گل­ آذین 27/5 میلی­ متر، باز شدن گل­ ها و تشکیل میوه این رقم در نیمه اول اردیبهشت ماه اتفاق می­ افتد. وزن میوه در این رقم متوسط (3/2-2/8 گرم) و مهم ­ترین مشخصه آن داشتن 70/3 درصد روغن در ماده خشک میوه، اولئیک اسید بالا (80/1 درصد) و پالمتیک اسید پایین (9/9 درصد) است؛ بنابراین، رقم جدید گیلوانه در بین ارقام مختلف زیتون از کیفیت روغن بالایی برخوردار بوده و برای کشت در منطقه طارم سازگار است.  

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Gilvaneh, the new oil olive cultivar suitable for culture in Tarom region

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Azimi 1
  • A. Hashempour 2
  • M. Hosseini Mazinani 3
  • M. Nourizadeh 4
  • M. Golmohammadi 5
  • A. A. Zeinanloo 6
  • A. Abdollahi 7
  • K. Mostafavi 4
1 Assistant Professor, West Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Training Center, Agricultural Research, Education ‎and Extension Organization, Urmia, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, ‎Education and Extension Organization, Ramsar, Iran.
3 Professor, Department of Plant Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran.
4 Researcher, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Zanjan, Iran.
5 Assistant Professor, Qazvin Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Training Center, Agricultural Research, Education ‎and Extension Organization, Qazvin, Iran.
6 Associate Professor, Temperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education ‎and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.
7 Researcher, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Zanjan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introducing olive cultivars with high oil quality is one of the objectives of olive breeding programs. Simultaneously, with the introduction of new olive cultivars from Mediterranean countries, the identification, collection, and evaluation of local genotypes was also implemented in the Zanjan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center. In 1997, cuttings of 25 T-olive genotypes were prepared from the Hashem Abad olive orchard of Golestan province. In 1998, the propagated plants were planted at the collection of Tarom Olive Research Station. Since 2006, with the implementation of five research projects for 15 years, the “Gilvaneh” cultivar was released by the selection method of genotypes. The “Gilvaneh” cultivar has oval leaves, the average number of flowers in an inflorescence is (22.9), the average length of the inflorescence is (27.5 mm), and the date of opening of the flowers and formation of the fruit of this cultivar occurs in the first half of May. “Gilvaneh” cultivar has medium fruit weight (2.8-3.2 gr), and the most important characteristic of this cultivar is having 70.3% oil in the dry matter of the fruit, high oleic acid (80.1%) and low palmitic acid (9.9%); Therefore, this cultivar has high oil quality among different olive cultivars and is suitable for cultivation in Tarom region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gilvaneh
  • cultivar
  • Oleic acid
  • Olive
  • Native genotype
  • Oil quality

مراجع

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یافته‌های تحقیقاتی در گیاهان زراعی و باغی
دوره 12، شماره 2
دی 1402
صفحه 165-186

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 28 تیر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 0-727 فروردین 2
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 دی 1402

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