Chavoosh, new early-maturing maize hybrid suitable for cultivation in the temperate and cold temperate regions of Iran

Document Type : Release of the variety

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Karaj, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran.

4 Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Kermanshah, Iran.

5 Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran.

6 6. Researcher, Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Sari, Iran.

7 Researcher, Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Oromiyeh, Iran.

8 Researcher, Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran.

10.22092/rafhc.2024.357145.1295

Abstract

Maize cultivar Chavoosh or single cross 380 (SC380) as a new early-maturing hybrid is produced from the crossing between KE76009/312 and K1263/1 maize inbred lines. In the preliminary yield trial, the new hybrid with 11.92 tha-1 grain yield in Karaj region in 2006 was included in the group of superior hybrids and was selected for studying in the next step in the semi-final yield trial in 2007. At this stage, the grain yield mean of the new hybrid in four regions (Karaj, Mashhad, Shiraz, and Kermanshah) was 12.18 tons per hectare that showed 910 kg per hectare increase in grain yield compared to the control cultivar Dehghan. The average grain yield of new hybrids in eight regions during 2014 and 2015 was 11.54 tons per hectare in the final stage experiment and showed the superiority of 750 kg compared to the control cultivar Dehghan. This superiority became more apparent because the new hybrid had 100 days growth period and was nine days earlier than the control hybrid Dehghan. The promising new hybrid also showed higher grain yield stability using GGE-biplot stability methods and Lin and Binns index. This new hybrid with an average grain yield of 12.28 tons per hectare showed a yield superiority of 1.15 tons per hectare compared to the control cultivar Dehghan in the yield trial in five regions (Karaj, Mashhad, Isfahan, Shiraz, and Kermanshah) in 2016. In the research-extension experiments in the Kermanshah region in 2016, the new cultivar (Chavoosh) and control cultivar Fajr produced similar grain yield (7 tons per hectare) that was lower than the control cultivar single cross 704, but for early-maturing hybrid Chaavosh less irrigation (in average, 2 to 3 times) was done. Therefore, it is estimated that using Chaavosh hybrid under pressurized irrigation systems can save about 800 to 1200 cubic meters, and under traditional irrigation systems can save about 1600 to 2400 cubic meters of water per hectare. In general, Chaavosh hybrid is recommended for spring planting in temperate and cold temperate regions due to its shorter growing period, lower water consumption and also its good grain yield. It is also recommended for summer planting in temperate regions.

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References

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Research Achievements for Field and Horticulture Crops
Volume 12, Issue 2
January 2024
Pages 213-235

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History

  • Receive Date: 04 January 2023
  • Revise Date: 23 March 0621
  • Accept Date: 19 September 2023

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